Citric Acid Monohydrate (often called Citric Acid Mono) is a white, odorless crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. It typically has a purity of 99.5% (or higher) and is available in food‑grade, pharmaceutical grade, or industrial grade. It tends to have a melting point ~ 153 °C (with water of crystallization). It has a mildly sour taste and a pH (1% solution) around 2.2 to 2.4.
As an acidulant, chelating agent, buffering agent and flavor enhancer, Citric Acid Mono is widely used thanks to its ability to adjust acidity (pH), bind metal ions, impart sour taste, and stabilize formulations. Because it is in hydrated crystalline form, it dissolves quickly and uniformly in aqueous systems.